Interest in reducing energy demand and emissions, particularly in the residential sector, is rising.

Comprehensive models gauge energy demand and economic effects of efficiency and renewable technologies.
User-friendly tools simulate scenarios for energy demand, CO2 emissions, and costs.

The study 'Review of existing tools for the assessment of European building stock energy demand for space heating and cooling' reviews key tools for assessing European building energy use, focusing on heating and cooling, highlighting strengths and common applications of both open-source and commercial options.

Understanding and utilising these tools can lead to a more sustainable future by reducing residential energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions.